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Published on 08/17/06

Beneficial bugs naturally eliminate pests

By Sharon Omahen
University of Georgia

About 50 men and women crowded around University of Georgia entomologist Kris Braman as she demonstrated how quickly a pair of tiger beetles attack and devour an armyworm. The group's attraction wasn't just morbid curiosity.

Georgia golf course and landscape industry professionals spend millions of dollars each year controlling armyworms and other caterpillars, so they were rooting for the beetle.

A UGA College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences professor, Braman was one of 19 UGA scientists who shared their latest findings with more than 900 visitors at the 2006 Turfgrass Field Day held Tuesday, Aug. 14 on the college's campus in Griffin, Ga.

Bug-eating bugs

Braman's research focuses on controlling insects that feed on Georgia turfgrasses and ornamental plants. Her subjects include fall armyworms, Japanese beetles, chinch bugs and two-lined spittle bugs.

Using a predator, like the tiger beetle, to control a pest is called biological control. This method allows farmers and home owners to control insect pests without spraying insecticides.

"Tiger beetles are very common in landscape beds," Braman said. "They are very ferocious predators. I wouldn't want to run into one my size."

Over the next four years, Braman will monitor how well the tiger beetles keep armyworm and Japanese beetle grub populations down in her research plots.

"These beetles aren't being used much in this way, but they are very abundant in nature," she said. "We have been finding them more and more in our insect pitfall traps."

Not a new idea

Using beneficial insects isn't a new concept to the greenhouse and field crop industries, but it is new to the turfgrass industry.

"The (beneficial insects) that are commercially available are not widely used in turf," Braman said. "We're finding that the ones used in greenhouses do occur in turf."

Many greenhouse growers buy beneficial insects to control pests on their plants. One of the most popular, the minute pirate bug, feeds on insect eggs, caterpillar eggs, thrips, mites and small larvae, Braman said.

One of Braman's favorite beneficial insects is the big-eyed bug. It feeds on soft-bodied small insects like armyworms, cut worms and chinch bugs.

"We ought to be looking in this direction as a possibility, if it's cost effective," Braman said. "It's a matter of conserving the predators that are already there and using management practices that don't eliminate the natural enemies."

Sharon Omahen is a news editor with the University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.

Experts/Sources:
Kris Braman
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